Herpes is a common viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). There are two main types of herpes viruses: HSV-1, which typically causes oral herpes (cold sores) and can also lead to genital herpes through oral-genital contact, and HSV-2, which is the primary cause of genital herpes. Herpes is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that can also be transmitted through skin-to-skin contact, particularly during oral, vaginal, or anal sex with an infected individual.

Symptoms of herpes can vary but often include painful blisters or sores on or around the genitals, anus, or mouth. These outbreaks may be accompanied by flu-like symptoms such as fever, body aches, and swollen lymph nodes. After the initial infection, herpes can remain dormant in the body and may recur periodically, especially during times of stress, illness, or weakened immunity.

While there is no cure for herpes, antiviral medications can help manage symptoms, reduce the frequency and severity of outbreaks, and lower the risk of transmitting the virus to sexual partners. It is important for individuals with herpes to communicate openly with their partners about their infection, practice safe sex by using condoms and avoiding sexual contact during outbreaks, and get tested regularly for STIs.

Herpes can have physical, emotional, and psychological impacts on individuals, and support from healthcare providers, counselors, and support groups can help individuals cope with the challenges of living with the virus. Education, awareness, and destigmatization of herpes are important in promoting understanding, compassion, and effective prevention strategies to reduce the spread of the infection and support those affected by herpes.